Gemforce System Architecture¶

Overview¶

Gemforce is a comprehensive blockchain-based platform that combines on-chain smart contracts with off-chain cloud services to provide a robust system for digital identity, asset management, and carbon credit tracking. This document provides a technical overview of the system's architecture and integration points.

System Components¶

Smart Contract Layer¶

The smart contract layer is built on the Ethereum blockchain (with support for multiple networks) and uses the Diamond pattern (EIP-2535) for upgradeability.

Key Components:¶

1. Diamond Contract
2. Central proxy contract that delegates calls to facet contracts
3. Implements EIP-2535 for upgradeable contracts
4. Supports multiple interfaces through facets

5. Maintains common storage for all facets

6. DiamondFactory

7. Creates new Diamond contracts
8. Manages facet sets for deployment

9. Registers diamonds by symbol

10. Identity System

11. Identity Contract: Represents user identities
12. IdentityFactory: Creates and manages identities
13. IdentityRegistry: Maps addresses to identities
14. ClaimTopicsRegistry: Manages claim topics

15. TrustedIssuersRegistry: Manages authorized issuers

16. Asset Management

17. GemforceMinterFacet: Mints tokens with metadata
18. MarketplaceFacet: Handles buying and selling
19. Treasury: Manages funds and withdrawals
20. CarbonCreditFacet: Handles carbon credit operations

Cloud Service Layer¶

The cloud service layer is built on Parse Server and provides API endpoints for interacting with the blockchain and managing user data.

Key Components:¶

1. Parse Server
2. User authentication and management
3. Data storage and retrieval
4. Cloud functions for blockchain interaction

5. Scheduled jobs for background tasks

6. DFNS Integration

7. Wallet management service
8. Transaction signing
9. Key management

10. Recovery mechanisms

11. Bridge API Integration

12. External account management
13. Transfer operations
14. KYC/AML compliance

15. Plaid integration for banking connections

16. Blockchain Connection Service

17. Provider management
18. Contract deployment and interaction
19. Network configuration

Architecture Diagram¶

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                       Client Applications                       │
└───────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┘
                                │
┌───────────────────────────────▼─────────────────────────────────┐
│                      Parse Server API Layer                     │
│                                                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  │
│  │  Authentication │  │    Blockchain   │  │   DFNS Wallet   │  │
│  │    Functions    │  │    Functions    │  │    Functions    │  │
│  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  │
│                                                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  │
│  │  Bridge API     │  │    Contract     │  │    Project      │  │
│  │  Integration    │  │   Interaction   │  │   Management    │  │
│  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  │
└───────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┘
                                │
┌───────────────────────────────▼─────────────────────────────────┐
│                        Blockchain Layer                         │
│                                                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  │
│  │    Diamond      │  │   Identity      │  │    Asset        │  │
│  │    Contract     │◄─┼─┤    System     │◄─┼─┤  Management   │  │
│  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  │
│                                                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  │
│  │  DiamondFactory │  │   Marketplace   │  │ Carbon Credits  │  │
│  │                 │  │                 │  │                 │  │
│  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Integration Points¶

Client Applications to Parse Server¶

• RESTful API endpoints
• Authentication via Parse Server
• DFNS wallet integration
• WebSocket connections for real-time updates

Parse Server to Blockchain¶

• Contract Deployment: Deploys Diamond contracts, facets, and initializes systems
• Transaction Submission: Handles transaction creation, signing, and submission
• Event Monitoring: Listens for relevant blockchain events
• State Synchronization: Keeps off-chain database in sync with blockchain state

Parse Server to External Services¶

• DFNS: API integration for wallet creation and management
• Bridge API: Integration for financial operations and compliance
• Plaid: Integration for banking connections
• Email Services: Notifications and verification

Data Flow¶

Identity Creation and Management¶

1. User registers through Parse Server
2. DFNS wallet is created for the user
3. IdentityFactory creates a new Identity contract
4. IdentityRegistry registers the Identity
5. Claims can be added by trusted issuers

Asset Management¶

1. GemforceMinterFacet creates new tokens with metadata
2. MarketplaceFacet handles buying and selling
3. Treasury manages funds
4. CarbonCreditFacet tracks and retires carbon credits

Transaction Flow¶

1. Client initiates transaction through Parse Server
2. Parse Server creates transaction data
3. DFNS handles transaction signing
4. Transaction is submitted to the blockchain
5. Events are monitored for transaction confirmation
6. Client is notified of transaction status

Security Considerations¶

Smart Contract Security¶

• Diamond pattern for upgradeability
• Role-based access control
• Function-level permissions
• Reentrancy protection

Cloud Service Security¶

• Authentication and authorization
• API key management
• Rate limiting
• Input validation
• Encrypted data storage

Wallet Security (DFNS)¶

• Delegated transaction signing
• Multi-factor authentication
• Key recovery mechanisms
• Transaction approval flows

Deployment Model¶

Smart Contracts¶

• Multiple environments (development, staging, production)
• Network-specific deployments
• Facet management
• Upgrade paths

Cloud Services¶

• Parse Server deployment
• Database configuration
• Cache layer
• API gateway
• Monitoring and logging

Scalability Considerations¶

Smart Contract Scalability¶

• Gas optimization
• State minimization
• L2 solutions when needed
• Batched operations

Cloud Service Scalability¶

• Horizontal scaling of Parse Server
• Database sharding
• Load balancing
• Caching strategies

Conclusion¶

The Gemforce system leverages the Diamond pattern for upgradeable smart contracts, combined with a powerful cloud service layer, to create a flexible and robust platform for digital identity and asset management. The integration with DFNS provides secure wallet management, while the Bridge API integration enables financial operations and compliance.